The co-receptor in this interaction is NPR1. Takahashi et al. (1999) found that the 2 semaphorin-binding proteins, plexin-1 (PLXN1) and neuropilin-1 (NRP1; 602069), form a stable complex. PLXN1 alone did not bind semaphorin-3A (SEMA3A; 603961), but the NRP1/PLXN1 complex had a higher affinity for SEMA3A than did NRP1 alone. The immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecule (IgCAM) L1 has confer responsivness to Sema3A. The composition of the Sema3A receptor might be modular, with L1 and PlexA1 being recruited either together or independently for association to NP1 (Castellani et al. 2004).

Soker et al. (Cell, 1998) reported that Neuropilin-1 is expressed by endothelial and tumor cells as an isoform-specific receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor.

Neuropilin (NP)-1 and -2 bind to class 3 semaphorins with high affinities and are necessary for Sema3A-mediated repulsive guidance events (Nakamura et al. 2000. (Raper 2000)undefined

Neuropilin (NP)-1 and -2 bind to class 3 semaphorins with high affinities and are necessary for Sema3A-mediated repulsive guidance events (Nakamura et al. 2000. (Raper 2000)undefined

Plexin-A3 and -A4 together mediate the responses to class 3 Semaphorins in sensory and sympathetic neurons, with Plexin-A4 being principally responsible for mediating responses to Sema3A via Neuropilin-1 and Plexin-A3 being principally responsible for responses to Sema3F via Neuropilin-2 (Yaron et al. 2005). (Suto et al. 2005)undefined

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A165-induced prostacyclin synthesis requires the activation of VEGF receptor-1 and -2 heterodimer (Neagoe et al. 2005).

Neuropilin-1 binds vascular endothelial growth factor 165, placenta growth factor-2, and heparin via its b1b2 domain (Mamluk et al 2002).

Semaphorins A and E act as antagonists of neuropilin-1 and agonists of neuropilin-2 receptors. Nat Neurosci. 1998